With more than 370 maps to explain the different dynamics of colonization, this volume covers the entire history of colonial empires, from the earliest empires to decolonization: the history of early colonization (15th to early 19th century) and the concept of a "civilizing mission"; the great empires of the 19th century; and the history of decolonization (20th century) with respect to economic emancipation, social struggles, and great political leaders. The last section has been updated to take into account recent events in New Caledonia (the agreements of summer 2025).